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LOWEST AUTOMATION RISK

All jobs ranked by automation risk (low to high).

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Occupation

Median wage (US)

Projected growth
(by 2031)

Risk

Voted
risk

Job score

1. Choreographers

Median Annual Wage (US):

42,700

Projected growth (by 2031):

29.7%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

26.06%

Job score:

6.7/10

2. Art Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

59,500

Projected growth (by 2031):

11.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.00%

Job score:

7.5/10

3. Architecture Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

95,160

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

39%

Job score:

7.0/10

4. Pediatric Surgeons

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

25.69%

Job score:

6.1/10

5. Orthopedic Surgeons, Except Pediatric

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.7%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.06%

Job score:

6.5/10

6. Surgeons, All Other

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

6.2/10

7. Occupational Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

85,570

Projected growth (by 2031):

13.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

18.60%

Job score:

8.7/10

8. Recreational Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

47,940

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

21.53%

Job score:

6.5/10

9. Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

75,940

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

21.94%

Job score:

8.2/10

10. Music Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

59,500

Projected growth (by 2031):

11.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

36%

Job score:

6.8/10

11. Clinical Nurse Specialists

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

23.33%

Job score:

8.1/10

12. Nurse Practitioners

Median Annual Wage (US):

120,680

Projected growth (by 2031):

45.7%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.50%

Job score:

9.2/10

13. Preventive Medicine Physicians

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.4%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

5.9/10

14. Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

98,420

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.60%

Job score:

8.0/10

15. Architects, Except Landscape and Naval

Median Annual Wage (US):

80,180

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.7%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

31%

Job score:

6.9/10

16. Landscape Architects

Median Annual Wage (US):

67,950

Projected growth (by 2031):

-0.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

6.0/10

17. Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers

Median Annual Wage (US):

36,360

Projected growth (by 2031):

-20.3%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

40%

Job score:

3.6/10

18. First-Line Supervisors of Firefighting and Prevention Workers

Median Annual Wage (US):

78,230

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

7.0/10

19. Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,440

Projected growth (by 2031):

21.5%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

44%

Job score:

7.5/10

20. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Physicians

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.4%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

27.27%

Job score:

6.8/10

21. Physician Assistants

Median Annual Wage (US):

121,530

Projected growth (by 2031):

27.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

8.7/10

22. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

18.75%

Job score:

6.8/10

23. Neurologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.46%

Job score:

6.2/10

24. Hospitalists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.4%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

30%

Job score:

5.9/10

25. Psychiatrists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.7%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

15.87%

Job score:

7.5/10

26. Adapted Physical Education Specialists

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,720

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

35%

Job score:

6.5/10

27. Emergency Medical Technicians

Median Annual Wage (US):

35,470

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

10.42%

Job score:

6.8/10

28. Paramedics

Median Annual Wage (US):

46,770

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

12.10%

Job score:

7.1/10

29. Nurse Midwives

Median Annual Wage (US):

112,830

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.5%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

26.19%

Job score:

8.0/10

30. Healthcare Social Workers

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,840

Projected growth (by 2031):

11.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

21.38%

Job score:

8.1/10

31. First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives

Median Annual Wage (US):

99,330

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

17.76%

Job score:

7.6/10

32. Neuropsychologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

102,900

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.37%

Job score:

7.4/10

33. Clinical Neuropsychologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

102,900

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

15.28%

Job score:

7.4/10

34. Athletic Trainers

Median Annual Wage (US):

48,420

Projected growth (by 2031):

17.5%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.95%

Job score:

7.5/10

35. Mental Health Counselors

Median Annual Wage (US):

48,520

Projected growth (by 2031):

22.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.14%

Job score:

8.2/10

36. Marriage and Family Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,880

Projected growth (by 2031):

13.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

18.75%

Job score:

7.6/10

37. Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

1.7%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

17.55%

Job score:

6.3/10

38. Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

97,410

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

22.96%

Job score:

8.1/10

39. Emergency Management Directors

Median Annual Wage (US):

76,730

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.5%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

21.05%

Job score:

6.8/10

40. Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,130

Projected growth (by 2031):

11.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

9.64%

Job score:

7.8/10

41. Fitness and Wellness Coordinators

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,360

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.5%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

41%

Job score:

6.2/10

42. Orthotists and Prosthetists

Median Annual Wage (US):

75,440

Projected growth (by 2031):

16.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

34%

Job score:

7.5/10

43. Critical Care Nurses

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

25.00%

Job score:

8.1/10

44. Set and Exhibit Designers

Median Annual Wage (US):

54,860

Projected growth (by 2031):

5.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

28.57%

Job score:

6.1/10

45. Social Work Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

71,010

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

12.50%

Job score:

6.4/10

46. Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

21.88%

Job score:

7.2/10

47. Interior Designers

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,340

Projected growth (by 2031):

0.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

37%

Job score:

5.7/10

48. Anthropology and Archeology Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

97,340

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.3%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

42%

Job score:

6.8/10

49. Coaches and Scouts

Median Annual Wage (US):

38,970

Projected growth (by 2031):

20%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

20.42%

Job score:

7.7/10

50. Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,860

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

7.8/10

51. Security Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

97,930

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

29.41%

Job score:

7.8/10

52. Firefighters

Median Annual Wage (US):

50,700

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.3%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

24.70%

Job score:

6.9/10

53. Physicists

Median Annual Wage (US):

152,430

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.2%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

16.93%

Job score:

8.3/10

54. Prosthodontists

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,950

Projected growth (by 2031):

5.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

49%

Job score:

6.3/10

55. Civil Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

88,050

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

34%

Job score:

7.8/10

56. Sports Medicine Physicians

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.4%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

17.86%

Job score:

7.0/10

57. Physical Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

95,620

Projected growth (by 2031):

16.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

19.15%

Job score:

9.0/10

58. Dentists, General

Median Annual Wage (US):

160,370

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

33%

Job score:

8.0/10

59. Directors, Religious Activities and Education

Median Annual Wage (US):

46,980

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.6%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

29.69%

Job score:

5.8/10

60. Dermatologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

5.7/10

61. Chief Executives

Median Annual Wage (US):

179,520

Projected growth (by 2031):

-7.3%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

21.88%

Job score:

7.4/10

62. Soil and Plant Scientists

Median Annual Wage (US):

66,750

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.1%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

19.44%

Job score:

7.6/10

63. Transportation Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

88,050

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.9%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

27.08%

Job score:

8.2/10

64. Fish and Game Wardens

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,730

Projected growth (by 2031):

-3.5%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

17.26%

Job score:

5.8/10

65. Urban and Regional Planners

Median Annual Wage (US):

78,500

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

Automation risk (voted):

18.83%

Job score:

7.4/10

66. Clergy

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,720

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.3%

Automation risk:

0.09%

Automation risk (voted):

10.61%

Job score:

6.7/10

67. Biochemists and Biophysicists

Median Annual Wage (US):

102,270

Projected growth (by 2031):

15.3%

Automation risk:

0.45%

Automation risk (voted):

33%

Job score:

8.0/10

68. Environmental Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

96,820

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.2%

Automation risk:

0.66%

Automation risk (voted):

31%

Job score:

7.2/10

69. Midwives

Median Annual Wage (US):

58,750

Projected growth (by 2031):

5.7%

Automation risk:

1.02%

Automation risk (voted):

21.88%

Job score:

7.2/10

70. Anthropologists and Archeologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,910

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.1%

Automation risk:

1.27%

Automation risk (voted):

18.22%

Job score:

7.2/10

71. Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors

Median Annual Wage (US):

40,700

Projected growth (by 2031):

18.9%

Automation risk:

1.29%

Automation risk (voted):

37%

Job score:

6.8/10

72. Fire-Prevention and Protection Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

99,040

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.5%

Automation risk:

1.30%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

6.4/10

73. General Internal Medicine Physicians

Median Annual Wage (US):

201,590

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

1.44%

Automation risk (voted):

30%

Job score:

7.5/10

74. Marine Engineers and Naval Architects

Median Annual Wage (US):

93,370

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.4%

Automation risk:

1.84%

Automation risk (voted):

25.00%

Job score:

7.1/10

75. Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,510

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.6%

Automation risk:

1.93%

Automation risk (voted):

27.15%

Job score:

8.0/10

76. Curators

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,110

Projected growth (by 2031):

14.4%

Automation risk:

2.15%

Automation risk (voted):

13.37%

Job score:

7.5/10

77. Environmental Restoration Planners

Median Annual Wage (US):

76,530

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.7%

Automation risk:

2.36%

Automation risk (voted):

28.13%

Job score:

6.6/10

78. Nurse Anesthetists

Median Annual Wage (US):

195,610

Projected growth (by 2031):

11.8%

Automation risk:

2.43%

Automation risk (voted):

29.17%

Job score:

8.5/10

79. Exercise Physiologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

47,940

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.1%

Automation risk:

2.66%

Automation risk (voted):

52%

Job score:

6.0/10

80. Water/Wastewater Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

88,050

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.9%

Automation risk:

2.66%

Automation risk (voted):

16.67%

Job score:

7.3/10

81. Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

72,440

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.1%

Automation risk:

2.89%

Automation risk (voted):

38%

Job score:

6.3/10

82. Chief Sustainability Officers

Median Annual Wage (US):

179,520

Projected growth (by 2031):

-7.3%

Automation risk:

2.98%

Automation risk (voted):

42%

Job score:

6.3/10

83. Health Education Specialists

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.6%

Automation risk:

3.14%

Automation risk (voted):

35%

Job score:

7.0/10

84. Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

95,910

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.3%

Automation risk:

3.24%

Automation risk (voted):

28.57%

Job score:

6.8/10

85. Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,820

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.3%

Automation risk:

3.59%

Automation risk (voted):

31%

Job score:

6.6/10

86. Construction Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

98,890

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.6%

Automation risk:

4.05%

Automation risk (voted):

21.24%

Job score:

8.7/10

87. Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors

Median Annual Wage (US):

48,520

Projected growth (by 2031):

22.1%

Automation risk:

4.13%

Automation risk (voted):

21.15%

Job score:

8.2/10

88. Fire Inspectors and Investigators

Median Annual Wage (US):

64,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.1%

Automation risk:

4.21%

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

6.0/10

89. Chiropractors

Median Annual Wage (US):

75,000

Projected growth (by 2031):

10.4%

Automation risk:

4.37%

Automation risk (voted):

19.74%

Job score:

8.3/10

90. Water Resource Specialists

Median Annual Wage (US):

137,900

Projected growth (by 2031):

5.9%

Automation risk:

4.39%

Automation risk (voted):

100%

Job score:

7.0/10

91. Industrial-Organizational Psychologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

105,310

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

4.41%

Automation risk (voted):

23.60%

Job score:

7.0/10

92. Biologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

82,530

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

4.55%

Automation risk (voted):

24.58%

Job score:

7.2/10

93. Electricians

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,040

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.1%

Automation risk:

4.69%

Automation risk (voted):

19.85%

Job score:

7.6/10

94. Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers

Median Annual Wage (US):

64,610

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.1%

Automation risk:

4.70%

Automation risk (voted):

19.97%

Job score:

7.2/10

95. Farm and Home Management Educators

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,990

Projected growth (by 2031):

0.5%

Automation risk:

4.79%

Automation risk (voted):

37%

Job score:

4.8/10

96. Special Education Teachers, Secondary School

Median Annual Wage (US):

62,120

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.2%

Automation risk:

4.84%

Automation risk (voted):

34%

Job score:

6.6/10

97. Pediatricians, General

Median Annual Wage (US):

170,480

Projected growth (by 2031):

1.1%

Automation risk:

5.16%

Automation risk (voted):

20.34%

Job score:

7.3/10

98. Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

102,720

Projected growth (by 2031):

24.1%

Automation risk:

5.32%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

7.9/10

99. Hydrologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

84,030

Projected growth (by 2031):

-0.4%

Automation risk:

5.98%

Automation risk (voted):

24.26%

Job score:

6.3/10

100. Chemical Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

105,550

Projected growth (by 2031):

13.9%

Automation risk:

5.98%

Automation risk (voted):

26.35%

Job score:

8.2/10

101. Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

98,070

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.2%

Automation risk:

6.20%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

6.4/10

102. Special Education Teachers, Kindergarten

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

6.39%

Automation risk (voted):

9.38%

Job score:

6.1/10

103. Special Education Teachers, Elementary School

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

6.39%

Automation risk (voted):

23.44%

Job score:

6.8/10

104. Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,900

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.3%

Automation risk:

6.41%

Automation risk (voted):

28.74%

Job score:

6.4/10

105. Range Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

63,750

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

6.42%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

5.5/10

106. Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

82,510

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.9%

Automation risk:

6.73%

Automation risk (voted):

14.70%

Job score:

8.4/10

107. Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance

Median Annual Wage (US):

134,750

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

6.84%

Automation risk (voted):

21.15%

Job score:

7.6/10

108. Robotics Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

7.01%

Automation risk (voted):

24.01%

Job score:

7.2/10

109. Environmental Science Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

81,980

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.7%

Automation risk:

7.11%

Automation risk (voted):

35%

Job score:

6.5/10

110. Occupational Health and Safety Specialists

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,560

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.5%

Automation risk:

7.31%

Automation risk (voted):

21.43%

Job score:

7.3/10

111. Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

81,440

Projected growth (by 2031):

12.4%

Automation risk:

7.35%

Automation risk (voted):

35%

Job score:

7.6/10

112. Ophthalmologists, Except Pediatric

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.4%

Automation risk:

7.36%

Automation risk (voted):

13.33%

Job score:

6.8/10

113. Human Factors Engineers and Ergonomists

Median Annual Wage (US):

95,300

Projected growth (by 2031):

10.2%

Automation risk:

7.40%

Automation risk (voted):

46%

Job score:

7.6/10

114. Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

82,330

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.3%

Automation risk:

7.61%

Automation risk (voted):

42%

Job score:

6.5/10

115. Social and Community Service Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

74,000

Projected growth (by 2031):

11.7%

Automation risk:

7.72%

Automation risk (voted):

25.48%

Job score:

7.9/10

116. Agricultural Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

82,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

1.5%

Automation risk:

7.94%

Automation risk (voted):

39%

Job score:

5.6/10

117. Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors

Median Annual Wage (US):

99,040

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.5%

Automation risk:

8.00%

Automation risk (voted):

35%

Job score:

6.6/10

118. Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,470

Projected growth (by 2031):

17.8%

Automation risk:

8.03%

Automation risk (voted):

26.47%

Job score:

7.6/10

119. Recreation Workers

Median Annual Wage (US):

29,680

Projected growth (by 2031):

10%

Automation risk:

8.03%

Automation risk (voted):

28.41%

Job score:

6.6/10

120. Child, Family, and School Social Workers

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,150

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.3%

Automation risk:

8.07%

Automation risk (voted):

18.52%

Job score:

7.6/10

121. Energy Engineers, Except Wind and Solar

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

8.12%

Automation risk (voted):

42%

Job score:

6.3/10

122. Occupational Therapy Assistants

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,730

Projected growth (by 2031):

25.4%

Automation risk:

8.16%

Automation risk (voted):

14.06%

Job score:

8.0/10

123. Physics Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

93,070

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.9%

Automation risk:

8.21%

Automation risk (voted):

37%

Job score:

6.8/10

124. Speech-Language Pathologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

79,060

Projected growth (by 2031):

21.3%

Automation risk:

8.31%

Automation risk (voted):

18.52%

Job score:

8.6/10

125. Solar Energy Installation Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

72,010

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.1%

Automation risk:

8.45%

Automation risk (voted):

38%

Job score:

6.3/10

126. Architectural and Engineering Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

152,350

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.3%

Automation risk:

8.48%

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

7.2/10

127. Education and Childcare Administrators, Preschool and Daycare

Median Annual Wage (US):

47,310

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.3%

Automation risk:

8.55%

Automation risk (voted):

26.32%

Job score:

6.8/10

128. Naturopathic Physicians

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,300

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

8.75%

Automation risk (voted):

47%

Job score:

5.7/10

129. Music Directors and Composers

Median Annual Wage (US):

49,130

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.9%

Automation risk:

8.82%

Automation risk (voted):

37%

Job score:

5.5/10

130. Acute Care Nurses

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.2%

Automation risk:

8.88%

Automation risk (voted):

8.33%

Job score:

7.0/10

131. Commercial Divers

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,360

Projected growth (by 2031):

14.7%

Automation risk:

9.03%

Automation risk (voted):

40%

Job score:

6.3/10

132. Park Naturalists

Median Annual Wage (US):

63,750

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

9.08%

Automation risk (voted):

10.71%

Job score:

5.5/10

133. Acupuncturists

Median Annual Wage (US):

60,570

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.9%

Automation risk:

9.15%

Automation risk (voted):

21.88%

Job score:

5.3/10

134. Nanosystems Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

9.20%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

6.3/10

135. Dietitians and Nutritionists

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,650

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.8%

Automation risk:

9.49%

Automation risk (voted):

49%

Job score:

6.1/10

136. Astronomers

Median Annual Wage (US):

128,160

Projected growth (by 2031):

5.6%

Automation risk:

9.63%

Automation risk (voted):

27.69%

Job score:

7.2/10

137. Registered Nurses

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,600

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.2%

Automation risk:

10.07%

Automation risk (voted):

21.97%

Job score:

8.1/10

138. Veterinarians

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,370

Projected growth (by 2031):

19.4%

Automation risk:

10.34%

Automation risk (voted):

23.54%

Job score:

8.6/10

139. Communications Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,560

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.3%

Automation risk:

10.34%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

6.4/10

140. English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

75,930

Projected growth (by 2031):

6.3%

Automation risk:

10.38%

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

7.2/10

141. Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

104,940

Projected growth (by 2031):

13.3%

Automation risk:

10.70%

Automation risk (voted):

52%

Job score:

7.1/10

142. Low Vision Therapists, Orientation and Mobility Specialists, and Vision Rehabilitation Therapists

Median Annual Wage (US):

85,570

Projected growth (by 2031):

13.9%

Automation risk:

10.86%

Automation risk (voted):

12.50%

Job score:

7.4/10

143. Training and Development Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

120,130

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.5%

Automation risk:

10.96%

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

7.6/10

144. Health Informatics Specialists

Median Annual Wage (US):

99,270

Projected growth (by 2031):

9.4%

Automation risk:

11.10%

Automation risk (voted):

61%

Job score:

7.4/10

145. Solar Energy Systems Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

11.25%

Automation risk (voted):

46%

Job score:

6.3/10

146. Audiologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

78,950

Projected growth (by 2031):

10.4%

Automation risk:

11.27%

Automation risk (voted):

75%

Job score:

5.7/10

147. Chefs and Head Cooks

Median Annual Wage (US):

50,160

Projected growth (by 2031):

15.4%

Automation risk:

11.58%

Automation risk (voted):

35%

Job score:

6.9/10

148. Podiatrists

Median Annual Wage (US):

145,840

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

11.80%

Automation risk (voted):

34%

Job score:

6.4/10

149. Loss Prevention Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

124,650

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

11.94%

Automation risk (voted):

25.00%

Job score:

7.2/10

150. Conservation Scientists

Median Annual Wage (US):

63,750

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

12.25%

Automation risk (voted):

25.00%

Job score:

6.4/10

151. Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,400

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

12.40%

Automation risk (voted):

26.18%

Job score:

7.0/10

152. Transit and Railroad Police

Median Annual Wage (US):

64,930

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.2%

Automation risk:

12.58%

Automation risk (voted):

46%

Job score:

5.2/10

153. Allergists and Immunologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.4%

Automation risk:

12.64%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

5.6/10

154. Special Education Teachers, Preschool

Median Annual Wage (US):

62,420

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.3%

Automation risk:

12.82%

Automation risk (voted):

7.50%

Job score:

6.3/10

155. Wind Energy Operations Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

124,650

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

12.82%

Automation risk (voted):

25.00%

Job score:

7.2/10

156. Detectives and Criminal Investigators

Median Annual Wage (US):

83,640

Projected growth (by 2031):

-0.7%

Automation risk:

12.97%

Automation risk (voted):

30%

Job score:

6.4/10

157. First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers

Median Annual Wage (US):

62,220

Projected growth (by 2031):

-5.9%

Automation risk:

12.98%

Automation risk (voted):

16.67%

Job score:

5.1/10

158. Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

78,910

Projected growth (by 2031):

8.5%

Automation risk:

13.14%

Automation risk (voted):

50%

Job score:

6.4/10

159. Transportation Planners

Median Annual Wage (US):

84,430

Projected growth (by 2031):

1.6%

Automation risk:

13.14%

Automation risk (voted):

32%

Job score:

6.5/10

160. Brownfield Redevelopment Specialists and Site Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

124,650

Projected growth (by 2031):

Automation risk:

13.16%

Automation risk (voted):

38%

Job score:

7.4/10

161. Molecular and Cellular Biologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

82,530

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

13.24%

Automation risk (voted):

22.66%

Job score:

7.2/10

162. Fashion Designers

Median Annual Wage (US):

77,450

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.5%

Automation risk:

13.32%

Automation risk (voted):

29.69%

Job score:

6.3/10

163. Dancers

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

24.5%

Automation risk:

13.42%

Automation risk (voted):

15.91%

Job score:

7.4/10

164. Automotive Engineers

Median Annual Wage (US):

95,300

Projected growth (by 2031):

2.2%

Automation risk:

13.48%

Automation risk (voted):

31%

Job score:

7.1/10

165. Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

79,410

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.7%

Automation risk:

13.56%

Automation risk (voted):

56%

Job score:

6.5/10

166. Animal Trainers

Median Annual Wage (US):

31,280

Projected growth (by 2031):

27.1%

Automation risk:

13.65%

Automation risk (voted):

23.19%

Job score:

6.5/10

167. Geography Teachers, Postsecondary

Median Annual Wage (US):

81,440

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.6%

Automation risk:

13.68%

Automation risk (voted):

63%

Job score:

6.5/10

168. Art Directors

Median Annual Wage (US):

100,890

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.8%

Automation risk:

13.71%

Automation risk (voted):

30%

Job score:

7.2/10

169. Epidemiologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

78,830

Projected growth (by 2031):

25.8%

Automation risk:

13.78%

Automation risk (voted):

28.81%

Job score:

7.5/10

170. Special Education Teachers, Middle School

Median Annual Wage (US):

61,820

Projected growth (by 2031):

3.5%

Automation risk:

13.80%

Automation risk (voted):

18.75%

Job score:

5.9/10

171. Human Resources Managers

Median Annual Wage (US):

126,230

Projected growth (by 2031):

7.3%

Automation risk:

13.83%

Automation risk (voted):

33%

Job score:

7.9/10

172. First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers

Median Annual Wage (US):

72,010

Projected growth (by 2031):

4.1%

Automation risk:

13.94%

Automation risk (voted):

44%

Job score:

6.3/10

173. Anesthesiologists

Median Annual Wage (US):

Projected growth (by 2031):

1.1%

Automation risk: